A bi-monthly magazine covering the environmental protection and drinking water industry since 1988
July 2005 Edition

A new take on the Flat Earth Society
Many examples of Roman engineering have survived over two millennia yet remain impressive even to sophisticated contemporary engineers. Aqueducts carrying water from the mountains to the Eternal City can still arouse admiration for the way the Romans achieved their goals by surmounting grades and valleys without the advantage of electric pumping systems. Admittedly they used slave labour, when such brutality was commonplace.
Roman engineers endowed their projects with artistry as well as engineering ingenuity. The English city of Bath is a precise adjectival reminder that Roman engineering can still impress and indeed, endure for centuries. The Roman baths in that city are still in use providing millions annually in tourist dollars, pounds and euros. A Scottish engineer once told me that some of the famous Roman fountains, still in use, were also pressure-relief devices as well as sculptural masterpieces. Most ancient projects themselves are admired mainly for their artistry with little understanding of the benefits conferred by the engineering of roads, aqueducts, bridges, stadiums and water infrastructure.
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July 2005 Cover Photo

Membrane wastewater treatment plants cropping up in food industry
Variability is unacceptable in the food and beverage industry. Great care is taken to ensure that production lines are finely tuned to deliver high quality products that consistently meet customer expectations every time. Whereas variability in manufacturing is virtually unthinkable for quality controllers, the unpredictable nature of the byproducts generated by the food and beverage industry is a constant challenge for wastewater treatment plants and their operators.
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