Environmental Science & Engineering - www.esemag.com - November 2005
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Advanced water meter reading technology results in rural efficiency

By Darlene McNichol

PC9800 Handheld Computer
The Rural Municipality of Macdonald, Manitoba, faced challenges that are similar to those faced by many rural communities across Canada. The six villages that make up Macdonald cover 25 by 18 miles, a distance that is comparable to the City of Winnipeg. With limited resources, Macdonald was faced with managing 1,750 water meter accounts over this massive area. Of these accounts, 1,100 are urban, 650 are rural, located outside of the communities, and their overall meter population continues to grow.

Macdonald wanted to find a solution that would improve water meter reading efficiencies over this widely distributed area. The existing water meter infrastructure was onerous as 90% of the water meters required inside access to the home to obtain a reading. The remaining 10% of the meter population had remotes installed outside the residence. Due to the rural setting, inefficiencies in collecting the reading data forced the Municipality to abandon the idea of implementing a completely remote system.

Macdonald was forced to resort to a system whereby all 1,750 accounts were required to telephone in their meter reading to the Municipality every quarter. Accuracy and reliability were of great concern.

Of the 1,750 accounts required to call in their readings, only some 60% responded; estimate bills were as high as 40%. Readings were called in to a dedicated answering machine with the majority coming in during the few days prior to the due date. Three to four days were dedicated to listening and recording readings. All of this data then had to be entered electronically, estimates determined where needed, followed by printing the bills. This entire process took up three weeks of time and it put tremendous demands on municipal personnel.

The Municipality had one person assigned to utility work. During this peak time, three or more other municipal personnel had to interrupt their duties to assist, which included answering time consuming customer calls. During the month after the bills were sent out, a minimum of 15% of the accounts called the Municipality with reading, billing and estimate questions. Most calls required further work such as billing adjustments. This post billing process would easily require two weeks of dedicated resources.

In moving forward with a solution, Macdonald had several issues to address: older meters were losing revenue due to decreasing accuracy; and new housing growth was on the rise causing personnel resources to be stretched. All of these factors created the need to investigate solutions to improve reading efficiencies and improve data integrity.

In the summer of 2004, Macdonald moved ahead to implement Neptune Technology Group’s R900 Radio Frequency Automatic Meter Reading (RF AMR) Solution. RF AMR technology was the optimum solution to achieve the Municipality’s goals. Neptune offered a single-source solution including supply and installation of the automatic meter reading system (R900 meter interface units, water meters, and PC9800 handheld computers), system implementation, and turnkey project management.

The project was overseen by Neptune’s Service Division. All 1,750 meters were equipped with an R900 radio frequency meter interface unit (RF MIU). In addition 900 of the meters were replaced due to accuracy and migration issues. The Municipality selected a walk-by system using Neptune’s PC9800 handheld system to read the meters. The R900 MIU transmits a radio frequency reading, which is automatically collected by the DAP9800 handheld computer.

Benefits and Results
The investment in RF AMR technology has dramatically reduced the number of hours required to read the meters. A large portion of the readings can now be collected by the meter reader from street level without having to exit the vehicle. Macdonald now enjoys a read success rate of greater than 99%. For example, during their last read cycle, all but one read was collected in one pass! During any reading cycle a Utility can factor in temporary obstacles, such as vehicles, as a cause for not achieving 100%. According to Tom Raine, C.A.O. for Macdonald, there has been an enormous improvement in billing efficiencies with the implementation of RF AMR.

The previous billing cycle took approximately 5 weeks which included the time to collect and process the readings, the actual billing process, and customer calls. Today, a single meter reader can obtain all of the urban reads in one day and all of the rural reads in 3-4 days. With the rapid downloading of the meter readings from the DAP9800 handheld systems, in a single day the Municipality can import the readings and print the bills for distribution. Post billing calls have declined dramatically with only 12 general inquiry calls during the last cycle. The utility is pleased to report that not a single billing adjustment was required.

Overall, the reading and billing cycle is now 89% more efficient with a reduction in resource hours required from 380 hours to 40 hours.

The Municipality has achieved its goals of increasing meter reading efficiencies and improving data integrity. Utility personnel now have more time to focus on other productive services. A key benefit resulting from increased data integrity is the Municipality’s ability to conduct water audits, pinpoint leaks, and control unaccounted for water. As water treatment costs will continue to increase, the Municipality can now use the reading data to audit water production more closely against overall usage.

All of these benefits allow the Municipality to provide proactive, accurate, and timely services to its water customers.


Darlene McNichol is with Neptune Technology Group,
e-mail: dmcnichol@neptunetg.com


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